ACTIVIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE DE LA ERGOTIONEINA DE LOS HONGOS COMESTIBLES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69823/avacient.v4n2a17Palabras clave:
Enfermedad, ergotioneína, nutriente, estrés, hongoResumen
Los hongos son considerados productos de primera calidad debido a sus cualidades nutricionales y medicinales, que favorecen la salud humana. Por otro lado, la búsqueda de agentes antioxidantes naturales es relevante
para promover la salud y prevenir enfermedades relacionadas con el estrés oxidativo mitocondrial. La ergotioneína,
compuesto bioactivo presente en los hongos comestibles, funciona como antioxidante, inmunomodulador,
hepatoprotector, hipoglucémico, antimicrobiano y tiene efecto antienvejecimiento y de protección contra los rayos ultravioleta. En esta investigación documental se analiza el papel de la ergotioneína en la salud humana. El uso de esta molécula ofrece una perspectiva para mejorar la calidad nutricional en la dieta de los consumidores y reducir el riesgo de padecer enfermedades relacionadas con el estrés oxidativo. El estrés oxidativo altera el equilibrio de los mecanismos que controlan las células, causando daños severos en moléculas biológicas como el ADN, lípidos y proteínas, lo que puede generar repercusiones negativas y el desarrollo de enfermedades neurodegenerativas y cardiacas. Aunque los resultados de las investigaciones son prometedores, se requiere de estudios más amplios para comprender el mecanismo de acción y la aplicabilidad clínica de la ergotioneína proveniente de los hongos comestibles, como Pleurotus ostreatus, Agaricus bisporus y Lentinula edodes.
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